Toyota has unveiled a new system designed to improve the efficiency of liquid hydrogen usage by minimizing hydrogen loss in gaseous form and reusing it as engine fuel. Currently in the development phase, this innovation could significantly reduce waste and enhance hydrogen fuel efficiency.
The breakthrough was showcased during the 2024 Super Taikyu Series race in Japan. It builds upon the liquid hydrogen system introduced in 2023 with Toyota’s GR Corolla H2 concept car, reinforcing the company’s commitment to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
In the GR Corolla H2, liquid hydrogen must be stored at an extremely low temperature of -253°C to prevent it from vaporizing and escaping into the atmosphere. However, some hydrogen inevitably transforms into gas and is lost during use. Toyota’s new system addresses this issue by capturing and reusing gaseous hydrogen, marking a significant step forward in hydrogen fuel technology.
Toyota improves use of liquid hydrogen
In Toyota’s new system, the gaseous hydrogen produced from the liquid hydrogen tank is redirected to a self-pressurizing device, which increases pressure without relying on external energy. This process allows the gas, which would typically be lost, to be converted back into liquid hydrogen, making it usable as fuel.
However, during this pressurization, some hydrogen still escapes in its gaseous form. The remaining gas is then funneled into a compartment where chemical reactions occur, generating electricity. This electricity powers the system, ensuring that the liquid hydrogen pump operates smoothly.
The leftover gas from this process, which now has minimal hydrogen content, is safely converted into water vapor using a catalyst and is then released from the vehicle without harm. This innovative approach not only reduces hydrogen waste but also enhances the overall efficiency of the hydrogen fuel system.
Carbon neutrality
To further advance its development, Toyota is actively seeking partners to invest in technology that enhances the use of liquid hydrogen. This research aligns with the company’s ongoing commitment to reduce harmful greenhouse gas emissions, including carbon dioxide.
Toyota’s push for carbon neutrality is part of a broader industry trend, as many automakers are exploring innovative ways to reduce reliance on fossil fuels, particularly oil, in vehicles. This environmental focus has gained even more attention with the recent COP29 summit in Azerbaijan, which established new rules for regulating the international carbon market. These global efforts are helping drive the shift toward cleaner, more sustainable automotive technologies.
Source: Toyota
